Combination of exercise and nandrolone could not recover the decreasing effects of nandrolone on animals weight gain but, it enhanced the heart hypertrophy index (P < 0.05). Nandrolone + exercise significantly increased the ventricular fibrillation (VF) frequency and also decreased the VF latency (P < 0.05 versus CTL group).
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Nandrolone plus exercise had no significant effect on blood pressure but decreased the heart rate (P < 0.01) and increased the RR (P < 0.01) and JT intervals (P < 0.05) of electrocardiogram. Then, animals' hearts were excised and tissue samples were taken. Finally, under anesthesia, arrhythmia was induced by infusion of 1.5 lg/0.1 mL/min of aconitine IV and ventricular arrhythmias were recorded for 15 min. Animals were grouped as control (CTL), exercise (Ex): 8 weeks under exercise, vehicle group (Arach): received arachis oil, and Nan group: received nandrolone decanoate 5 mg/kg twice a week for 8 weeks, Arach + Ex group, and Nan + Ex. We assessed the risk of ventricular arrhythmias in rats which subjected to chronic nandrolone plus high-intensity endurance exercise. Its long-term consumption may induce cardiovascular adverse effects. This modulating may have occurred by the increasing ANP expression, reducing NPR-A and NPR-C expression levels, and changing sex hormone levels.Īnabolic steroids used to improve muscular strength and performance in athletics. Significance: ANP has an important role in modulating the cardiovascular effects of ND in females. Plasma es-trogen concentrations were reduced and serum testosterone concentrations were increased after ND treatment. Renal and cardiac hypertrophy was observed after ND treatment, with collagen deposition. NPR-C level was reduced in the SDE and OVXDE. Physical exercise and ovariectomy did not alter this parameter. Key findings: ND treatment increased ANP expression on atrium and decreased NPR-A expression in kidney. Morphometric analysis of heart was made (H/E) and col-lagen content of heart and kidney were evaluated using Pirossirius Red.
The gastrocnemius muscle, heart and kidney weights/tibia length were measured. ELISA assay to estradiol and testosterone concentrations. The right atrium, kidney, and serum were collected for molecular analyses by RT-PCR of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), A-type natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-A) and NPR-C. The Bezold– Jarisch reflex was assessed by Phenylbiguanide administration. Treatments were initiated 21 days after surgery. Main methods: Female Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups: S and OVX: (SHAM: sham surgery OVX: ovariec-tomy, vehicle), SE and OVXE (resistance exercise 5 times a week, vehicle), SD and OVXD (treated with ND, 20 mg/kg/week for 4 weeks) SDE and OVXDE. Aim: Evaluated the effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND), physical exercise and estrogen deficiency on female rats. Complementary studies are needed to elucidate the involved mechanisms of this abnormality.Īnabolic-androgenic steroids are misused, including women, but little is known about the cardiovascular effects of these drugs on females. The findings suggest that chronic co-administration of nandrolone with lowintensity endurance swimming exercise to some extent facilitates the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation in rat. Nandrolone along with exercise significantly increased the duration of VF (P\0.05) and reduced the VF latency (P\0.05). It also increased the heart hypertrophy index (P\0.05) and reduced the abating effect of nandrolone on animal weighting. Low-intensity exercise could prevent the incremental effect of nandrolone on MDA and HYP significantly. Chronic administration of nandrolone with low-intensity endurance swimming exercise had no significant effect on blood pressure, heart rate and basal ECG parameters except RR interval that showed increase (P\0.05). Then, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroxyproline (HYP) and glutathione peroxidase of heart tissue were measured. Then, arrhythmia induction was performed by intravenous infusion of aconitine and electrocardiogram recorded. The animal groups included the control group, exercise group (EX), nandrolone group (Nan), vehicle group (Arach), trained vehicle group (Arach ? Ex) and trained nandrolone group (Nan ? Ex) that treated for 8 weeks.
We examined the influence of chronic administration of nandrolone decanoate with low-intensity endurance swimming exercise on susceptibility to lethal ventricular arrhythmias in rat.
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